Wh-questions are formed by fronting the wh-word to focus position, which is typically the first or second word in the utterance. কি -ki, না -na, etc.) are often encliticized onto the first or last word of a yes-no question. Yes-no questions do not require any change to the basic word order instead, the low (L) tone of the final syllable in the utterance is replaced with a falling (HL) tone. Determiners follow the noun, while numerals, adjectives, and possessors precede the noun. Bengali makes use of postpositions, as opposed to the prepositions used in English and other European languages. However, nouns and pronouns are moderately declined (altered depending on their function in a sentence) into four cases while verbs are heavily conjugated, and the verbs do not change form depending on the gender of the nouns.As a head-final language, Bengali follows subject–object–verb word order, although variations to this theme are common. Many speakers of Bengali restrict their phonology to this pattern, even when using Sanskrit or English borrowings, such as গেরাম geram (CV.CVC) for গ্রাম gram (CCVC) "village" or ইস্কুল iskul (VC.CVC) for স্কুল skul (CCVC) "school".īengali nouns are not assigned gender, which leads to minimal changing of adjectives (inflection). one vowel flanked by a consonant on each side). Native Bengali (tôdbhôbo) words do not allow initial consonant clusters the maximum syllabic structure is CVC (i.e.
Bengali words are virtually all trochaic the primary stress falls on the initial syllable of the word, while secondary stress often falls on all odd-numbered syllables thereafter, giving strings such as shô-ho-jo-gi-ta "cooperation", where the boldface represents primary and secondary stress. In standard jarif, stress is predominantly initial. র Like "r" in "run", but slightly trilled (r).Īspirated consonants are pronounced with a puff of air.īengali is known for its wide variety of diphthongs, combinations of vowels occurring within the same syllable. The independent vowel is on the left, the diacritic (which is hooked on to the consonant) is on the right.Ĭonsonants ব Like "b" in "boy" (b).
Pronunciation of Bengali words varies from one location to another. Bengali vowels tend to be difficult to pronounce for a non-Bengali speaker. Vowel sounds can either be independent or hooked on to the consonant in the form of diacritics. The phonemic inventory of Bengali consists of 40 consonants and 11 vowels, which may be nasalized to change meaning. Therefore, they should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. They are endowed with reason and conscience.
#Bengali hello free#
Their reason and intelligence is therefore everyone-indeed one another's towards brotherhood-ly attitude taken conduct do should.Īrticle 1: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. Bengali in Transcription, faithful to pronunciation.Ĭlause 1: All human free-manner-in equal dignity and right taken birth-take do. Tãder bibek ebong buddhi ãchhe shutorãng shôkoleri êke ôporer proti bhrãttrittoshulôbh mônobhãb nie ãchorôn kôrã uchit. The following is a sample text in Bengali of the Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (by the United Nations): It is the most commonly spoken language in the cities Kolkata and Dhaka. The national songs of both India and Bangladesh were composed in the Bengali language by Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore. With about 270 million native and over 310 million total speakers, Bengali is one of the most widely spoken languages, ranked sixth/seventh in the world. It is also the state official language of the Indian states of West Bengal and Tripura, and parts of Assam. It is the sole official language of Bangladesh, and one of the 22 official "scheduled" languages of India.
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